3D Resistance Training and its Impact on Certain Motor Abilities and Anaerobic Power for Under-19 Futsal Players

Abstract

The significance of this research lies in the fact that 3D resistance training targets all movement planes and axes (frontal, sagittal, and transverse), which mimics the actual nature of futsal that demands sudden movements in various directions. It contributes to improving dynamic balance, agility, and neuromuscular coordination, as these exercises require high body control while moving against diverse resistances. Furthermore, it enhances the players' anaerobic system efficiency—the primary driver for high-intensity performance and the powerful challenges frequently repeated during matches. The research aimed to develop 3D resistance training for U-19 futsal players and to identify its impact on certain motor abilities and anaerobic power. The researcher adopted an experimental approach using a single-group design with pre- and post-tests, as it fits the research procedures. The sample consisted of (10) youth futsal players (under 19) from Al-Sharqiya Club, participating in the Iraq Stars League for the 2025-2026 season. The studied variables included motor abilities (power-speed, agility, balance) and anaerobic power. After applying the 3D training and comparing pre- and post-test results, the researcher achieved the research objectives and confirmed the hypothesis. It was concluded that 3D resistance training proved effective, showing a significant improvement in developing motor abilities (agility, balance, and power-speed) compared to traditional training due to its simulation of actual performance angles in futsal. These exercises also directly contributed to increasing anaerobic energy production efficiency, which is vital for futsal players who require repetitive explosive movements in tight spaces.